Introduction
Globalization is a multifarious activity that entails economic, legislative, geographical, ideological, and environmental affairs which are rapidly changing the human experience of the world. The earth is speedily becoming more globalized and all nation-states will continue to face numerous global problems and threats, such as pandemics, climate change, pollution, and cyber-crimes. Cooperative measures between nations are critical to ensure these global challenges are met with an effective quick-to-respond system of international law-making measures among others. By analysis of different pieces of evidence, globalization is not helping nation-states as it is pegged on capitalism and rich countries continue to grow richer and the poor ones continue to become poorer.
Negative Impacts
Firstly, globalization results in job deracination, and this leads to unemployment in different nation-states. Globalization does not result in increased employment opportunities but it rather appropriates jobs by moving production and manufacture of goods from high-cost countries to low-cost countries (Ritzer & Dean, 2019). Consequently, as the production shifts to low-cost nations, high-cost countries lose jobs. Economic internationalization may also have an impact on the structure of jobs for example the jobs’ distribution across economic activities (Lemert, 2016). It means that jobs that are associated with certain economic activities may tend to disappear while those that are linked with new activities may crop up due to changing competitive advantages. Besides, in developed nations, low-skilled workers have been adversely affected by stagnating incomes as they face competition from developing countries’ workers (Rowntree et al., 2019). Notably, economic globalization is a complex process that negatively affects various aspects of employment.
Additionally, globalization is accelerating potential global recessions across the continents. Globalism has created a situation where, economic systems of nations are interdependent and therefore this has created a possibility of increasing global recession (Burlacu et al., 2018). Undoubtedly, a struggle in one country’s economy may spark a chain reaction in other countries’ economies at the same time and therefore create a worldwide financial crisis. Due to internationalization, there is over-augmentation of the supply chain, overspending in minor enterprises, and insubstantial business paradigms employed by different enterprises in the different nation-states (Bala, 2016). Trading of by-products that are presented on risk and return designs coupled with excessive greed and risk-taking, means that the nations that allow global financial flows are worst hit once the by-products’ markets crumble (Lechner & Boli, 2020). As a measure, different nations are enforcing protectionist policies to safeguard their financial markets from the impacts of globalization, in salvaging their economies.
Moreover, globalization policies have led to the erosion of small and medium enterprises. Guidelines that permit globalism tend to advantage the multinationals that are organized and have greater financial strength compared to local businesses (Steger, 2020). Therefore, the small industries and local industries are collapsing as they cannot withstand competition from the large companies and this has led to a loss of revenue for governments (Steger, 2020). Regrettably, small businesses have to employ additional expensive methods such as automation and internet connectivity to compete with large corporations (Steger, 2020). Small and medium enterprises are changing their operations by engaging the services of computer and the creation of online presence through company websites. Most of the automation processes are proving to be disconcerting and expensive, therefore the companies that are not able to keep abreast with the technological advancements, do collapse. Nonetheless, there are scores of advantages that small businesses can enjoy when they can compete effectively with large enterprises.
To be blamed on globalism is the erosion of indigenous cultures and ways of life of people. African cultures have been eroded and some people of African states have resorted to copying the ways of life of Western countries (Gopinath, 2018). Most people in developing nations now adopt what others in the developed nations are doing, inclusive of misdeeds (Burlacu et al, 2018). This means that people have abandoned their cultures and practised other customs. Strikingly, dressing styles, eating habits, communication and information relaying modes have changed (Burlacu et al, 2018). The adoption of Western cultures in developing nations is causing an abrasive effect on the sense of their own local identity, their aspirations, and self-respect (Gopinath, 2018). Essentially, this has caused social discord within families, among communities and within an entire nation as the nationhood is not fostered by the adopted cultures.
Positive Impacts
Nevertheless, globalism has its share of the benefits it brings about on the nation-states across the world. Many nations across the globe are constantly connected through telecommunication gadgets and therefore knowledge and research between nations are transmitted very quickly (Rowntree et al., 2019). Technology is a strong potency in driving the world toward attaining similitude. Many nationals of different countries across the world have their urge to explore the world being satisfied by technological advancements (Burlacu et al., 2018). However much technology has enhanced global integration through the explorations, technological advancement has caused certain human jobs to be redundant and hence leading to job losses (Burlacu et al., 2018). By connectivity through technological innovations, drugs and illicit trades are finding their ways into borders of different nation-states across the world (Gopinath, 2018). Technological advancements are encouraging moral decadence in the nations than fostering economic integration.
Also, globalism has expanded global markets for various industrialized goods, nations can interact, conduct business, and therefore continuous unnecessary global trips have been reduced. Due to the privatization of state-owned corporations, most markets have emerged in developed nations (Ritzer & Dean, 2019). It is forcing these companies to extend their markets to international levels to sustain the business. The best manifestations of internationalization at work are the multinationals that operate in different countries to safeguard their yields and maintain competitiveness (Ritzer & Dean, 2019). The size constraints experienced by the large multinational corporations are due to their concentration in their home countries, and this forces the companies to look for market opportunities in foreign nations (Ritzer & Dean, 2019). Expansion of market territories in other countries means that the small and medium enterprises in such countries collapse as they cannot compete with larger businesses. Globalization hastens the collapse of small and medium enterprises while the multinationals extend their markets in new nations.
Conclusion
To summarize, globalization does not assist nation-states effectively, but rather in a way that is detrimental to the well-being of the nations. Firstly, globalism results in job displacement and this can aggravate further to joblessness. Global recessions follow from the economic interdependency between the states and financial crisis ensues. Besides, globalization has sparked unnecessary competition between large and small business, and this favors the larger corporations compared to the smaller ones. Indigenous cultures are fading and being replaced by Western cultural dogmas. Despite the negative impacts of globalism, it has enhanced the spread of knowledge and research throughout the globe and the expansion of markets for trade across different continents. The disadvantages of globalization outweigh all the benefits which are associated with globalism, therefore, internationalization is not helping nation-states conclusively as it should.
References
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Burlacu, S., Gutu, C., & Matei, F. (2018). Globalization–pros and cons. Calitatea, 19(S1), 122-125.
Gopinath, C. (2018). Globalization: A multi-dimensional system. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Lechner, F., & Boli, J. (Eds.). (2020). The globalization reader (6th ed.). Wiley Blackwell.
Lemert, C. (2016). Globalization: An Introduction to the End of the Known World. Routledge.
Ritzer, G., & Dean, P. (2019). Globalization: The essentials (2nd ed.).Wiley Blackwell.
Rowntree, L., Lewis, M., Price, M., & Wyckoff, W. (2019). Globalization and diversity: Geography of a changing world (6th ed.). Pearson.
Steger, M. (2020). Globalization: A very short introduction (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.