The Analysis of Apple Company

📄 Words:	3102
📝 Subject:	Company Analysis
📑 Pages:	9
💼 Companies:	Apple

Summary

The initial name of Apple, Inc. was Apple Computer and it was created on April 1, 1976, by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. The company was incorporated on January 3, 1977, in Cupertino, California. Initially, the company was engaged in the manufacture of personal computers. In the year 1985, Steve Jobs was ousted from the company. In the year 1996, Apple bought Steve Job’s company NeXT and made him the Chief Executive Officer. Apple introduced the iPod music player in 2001 and within the last few years, more products were added like iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad. Today Apple is of the largest technology firms in the world, with annual revenues of more than $60 billion.

Members of Apple’s Board of Directors: (Source: Apple, Inc.)

Arthur D. Levinson, Ph.D. – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Genentech, Inc.
William V. Campbell – Chairman and former CEO, Intuit, Inc.
Tim Cook – CEO, Apple
Millard S. Drexler – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, J. Crew
Albert Gore, Jr. – Former Vice President of the United States
Robert A. Iger – President and Chief Executive Officer, The Walt Disney Company
Andrea Jung – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Avon Products, Inc.
Ronald D. Sugar, Ph.D. – Former Chairman and CEO, Northrop Grumman Corporation

Apple’s Organizational Structure: (Source: Apple, Inc.)

Tim Cook – CEO
Eddy Cue – Senior Vice President, Internet Software and Services
Scott Forstall – Senior Vice President, iOS Software
Jonathan Ive – Senior Vice President, Industrial Design
Bob Mansfield – Senior Vice President, Mac Hardware Engineering
Peter Oppenheimer – Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Phil Schiller – Senior Vice President, Worldwide Product Marketing
Bruce Sewell – Senior Vice President and General Counsel
Jeff Williams – Senior Vice President, Operations
Apple’s independent auditors are Ernst & Young LLP.

Apple, Inc. (AAPL) Annual Balance Sheet

Period Ending	FY2010	FY2009	FY2008	FY2007	FY2006
Assets
Cash and Short term Investments	25.73 B	23.46 B	22.23 B	15.39 B	10.11 B
Net Receivables	9.92 B	5.06 B	4.70 B	4.03 B	2.84 B
Total Inventories	1.05 B	455.00 M	509.00 M	346.00 M	270.00 M
Progress Payments & Others	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Prepaid Expenses	157.00 M	309.00 M	475.00 M	417.00 M	208.00 M
Other Current Assets	4.82 B	8.09 B	2.09 B	1.78 B	1.08 B
Current Assets Total	41.68 B	31.56 B	30.01 B	21.96 B	14.51 B
Long Term Receivables	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Investment in Consolidated Subsidiaries	25.39 B	10.53 B	2.38 B	0.00	0.00
Other Investments	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Property, Plant & Equipment Net	4.377 B	2.95 B	2.46 B	1.83 B	1.28 B
Property, Plant & Equipment Gross	7.23 B	4.67 B	3.75 B	2.84 B	2.08 B
Accumulated Depreciation	2.47 B	1.71 B	1.29 B	1.301 B	794.00 M
Other Assets	3.35 B	12.99 B	1.23 B	1.47 B	1.42 B
Deferred Charges	799.00 M	844.00 M	208.00 M	625.00 M	1.04 B
Tangible Other Assets	1.46 B	898.00 M	208.00 M	625.00 M	1.04 B
Intangible Other Assets	1.08 B	453.00 M	559.00 M	420.00 M	198.00 M
Total Assets	75.18 B	47.50 B	36.07 B	25.26 B	17.20 B
Liabilities
Short Term Debt & Current Portion of Long Term Debt	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Accrued Payroll	436.00 M	357.00 M	320.00 M	254.00 M	221.00 M
Income Taxes Payable	210.00 M	430.00 M	506.00 M	488.00 M	388.00 M
Dividends Payable	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Other Current Liabilities	8.06 B	5.12 B	5.02 B	3.59 B	2.47 B
Current Liabilities Total	20.72 B	11.51 B	11.36 B	9.30 B	6.47 B
Long Term Debt	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Provision for Risks & changes	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Deferred Taxes	4.30 B	0.00	895.00 M	531.00 M	381.00 M
Deferred Income	1.14 B	853.00 M	768.00 M	830.00 M	355.00 M
Deferred Tax Liability in Untaxed Reserves	—–	—–	—–	—–	—–
Other Liabilities	1.23 B	4.36 B	746.00 M	67.00 M	14.00 M
Total Liabilities	27.39 B	15.86 B	13.77 B	10.73 B	7.22 B
Shareholders’ Equity
Non-Equity Reserves	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Minority Interest	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Preferred Stock	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Common Equity	47.79 B	31.64 B	22.30 B	14.53 B	9.98 B
Common Stock	10.67 B	8.21 B	7.18 B	5.37 B	4.36 B
Capital Surplus	—–	—–	—–	—–	—–
Revaluation Reserves	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Other Appropriated Reserves	-61.00 M	-93.00 M	-62.00 M	—–	—–
Unappropriated (Free) Reserves	0.00	0.00	—–	—–	—–
Retained Earnings	37.17 B	23.35 B	15.13 B	9.10 B	5.61 B
Equity in Untaxed Reserves	—–	—–	—–	—–	—–
ESOP Guarantees	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Unrealized Foreign Exchange Gain (Loss)	35.00 M	28.00 M	61.00 M	70.00 M	19.00 M
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Marketable Securities	-81.00 M	49.00 M	-70.00 M	-7.00 M	3.00 M
Treasury Stock	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total Liabilities & Shareholders’ Equity	75.18 B	47.50 B	36.07 B	25.26 B	17.20 B
Common Shares Outstanding	915.97 M	899.81 M	888.33 M	872.33 M	855.26 M

Apple, Inc. (AAPL) Annual Income Statement

Period Ending	FY2010	FY2009	FY2008	FY2007	FY2006
Net Sales/Revenues	65.07B	42.90 B	37.49 B	24.01 B	19.32 B
Cost of Goods Sold	38.47 B	24.95 B	23.80 B	15.54 B	13.49 B
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization	1.03 B	734.00 M	496.00 M	317.00 M	225.00 M
Gross Income	25.57 B	17.22 B	13.20 B	8.15 B	5.60 B
Selling, General & Admin Expenses	7.30 B	5.48 B	4.87 B	3.74 B	3.14 B
Other Operating Expenses	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Operating Expenses – Total	551.00 M	911.00 M	930.00 M	1.63 M	1.40 M
Operating Income	18.27 B	11.74 B	8.33 B	4.41 B	2.45 B
Extraordinary Credit – Pretax	1.00 M	3.00 M	0.00	0.00	0.00
Extraordinary Charge – Pretax	175.00 M	97.00 M	0.00	0.00	0.00
Non-operating Interest Income	311.00 M	407.00 M	653.00 M	647.00 M	394.00 M
Reserves Inc (Dec)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Pretax Equity in Earnings	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Other Income/Expenses – Net	133.00 M	326.00 M	-33.00 M	-48.00 M	-29.00 M
Earnings Before Interest & Taxes (EBIT)	18.54 B	12.07 B	6.90 B	5.01 B	2.82 B
Interest Expenses on Debt	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Interest Capitalized	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Pretax Income	18.54 B	12.07 B	8.95 B	5.01 B	2.82 B
Income Taxes	4.53 B	3.83 B	2.83 B	1.51 B	829.00 M
Current Domestic Income Tax	2.80 B	2.45 B	2.16 B	1.33 B	675.00 M
Current Foreign Income Tax	282.00 M	345.00 M	275.00 M	103.00 M	101.00 M
Deferred Domestic Income Tax	1.56 B	1.08 B	473.00 M	94.00 M	70.00 M
Deferred Foreign Income Tax	-121.00M	-35.00 M	-75.00 M	-16.00 M	-17.00 M
Income Tax Credits	—–	—–	—–	—–	—–
Minority Interest	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Equity in Earnings	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
After Tax Income Expense	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Discounted Operations	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net Income Before Extra Items/Preferred Div	14.01 B	8.24 B	6.12 B	3.50 B	1.99 B
Extra Items & Gain (Loss) Sale of Assets	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net Income Before Preferred Dividends	14.01 B	8.24 B	6.12 B	3.50 B	1.99 B
Preferred Dividend Requirements	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net Income Available to Common	14.01 B	8.24 B	6.12 B	3.50 B	1.99 B

Apple, Inc (AAPL) Annual Cash Flow

Period Ending	FY2010	FY2009	FY2008	FY2007	FY2006
Net Income/ Starting Line	14.01 B	8.24 B	6.12 B	3.50 B	1.99 B
Operating Activities
Depreciation, Depletion & Amortization	1.03 B	734.00 M	496.00 M	317.00 M	225.00 M
Depreciation & Depletion	815.00 M	606.00 M	387.00 M	249.00 M	180.00 M
Amortization of Intangible Assets	212.00 M	128.00 M	109.00 M	68.00 M	45.00 M
Deferred Income Taxes and Investment Tax Credity	1.14 B	853.00 M	768.00 M	830.00 M	855.00 M
Deferred Income Taxes	1.14 B	853.00 M	768.00 M	830.00 M	855.00 M
Income Tax Credit	—–	—–	—–	—–	—–
Other Cash Flow	903.00 M	736.00 M	538.00 M	254.00 M	174.00 M
Funds from Operations	17.38 B	8.97 B	7.55 B	4.14 B	2.44 B
Extraordinary Items & Discontinued Operations	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Funds from/for Other Operating Activities	1.21 B	-586.00 M	2.04 B	1.32 B	-221.00 M
Incline (Decline) in Receivables	-4.86 B	-939.00 M	-785.00 M	-385.00 M	-357.00 M
Incline (Decline) in Inventories	-596.00 M	54.00 M	-163.00 M	-76.00 M	-105.00 M
Incline (Decline) in Accounts Payable	6.31 B	92.00 M	596.00 M	1.49 B	1.61 B
Incline (Decline) in Income Taxes Payable	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	—–
Incline (Decline) in Other Accruals	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Incline (Decline) in Other Assets or Liabilities	361.00 M	207.00 M	2.40 B	292.00 M	-1.37 B
Net Cash Flow/Operating Activities	18.60 B	10.16 B	9.60 B	5.47 B	2.22 B
Capital Expenditures (Additions to Fixed Assets)
Additions to other Assets	116.00 M	69.00 M	108.00 M	251.00 M	0.00
Net Assets from Acquisitions	638.00 M	0.00	220.00 M	0.00	0.00
Incline (Decline) in Inventories	57.81 B	46.82 B	23.00 B	11.74 B	7.28 B
Decrease in Investments	46.72 B	30.68 B	16.24 B	9.42 B	8.31 B
Disposal of Fixed Assets	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	40.00 M
Other Uses – Investing	2.00 M	74.00 M	10.00 M	-49.00 M	58.00 M
Other Sources – Investing	0.00	0.00	0.00	49.00 M	0.00
Net Cash Flow – Investing	13.85 M	17.43 M	8.19 M	3.25 M	-357.00 M
Proceeds from Stock Options	0.00	475.00 M	483.00 M	365.00 M	318.00 M
Other Proceeds from Sale/Issues of Stock	912.00 M	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Com/Pfd Purchase, Retired, Converted, Redeemed	0.00	82.00 M	124.00 M	3.00 M	355.00 M
Financing Activities
Long Term Borrowings	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Incline (Decline) in Short Term Borrowings	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Reduction in Long Term Debt	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Cash Dividends Paid Total	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Common Dividends (Cash)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Preferred Dividends (Cash)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Other Sources – Financing	751.00 M	270.00 M	757.00 M	377.00 M	361.00 M
Other Uses – Financing	345.00 M	270.00 M	757.00 M	377.00 M	361.00 M
Net Cash Flow – Financing	1.26 B	663.00 m	1.12 B	739.00 M	324.00 M
Effect of Exchange Rate on Cash	0.00	0.00	0.00	—–	—–
Changes in Cash and/or Liquid Items	—–	—–	—–	—–	—–

Ratio Analysis

Liquidity Ratios for the last two years

Current Ratio (Total Current Assets / Total Current Liabilities):

Year	2010	2009
Total Current Assets	41.68	31.56
Total Current Liabilities	20.72	11.51
Current Ratio	2.01	2.74

The current ratio of Apple decreased from 2.74 in 2009 to 2.01 in 2010, but in both the years, it is above 2 and its current assets were more than twice its current liabilities. This shows the company’s strong ability to meet its short-term obligations as it has obviously no liquidity issues. At the same time, the high current ratio shows that the company might be sitting on a lot of cash. But compared to 2009, the company management thought wisely in 2010 and made some good use of cash. Apple might not be using its current assets or its short-term financing facilities efficiently. By retaining assets like cash, valuable investment opportunities might be lost. Obviously, cash by itself does not generate any returns.

Quick Ratio – (Cash and Equivalents – Inventory) / Total Current Liabilities:

The year	2010	2009
Cash and Equivalents	18.60	10.16
Inventory	1.05	0.45
Total Current Liabilities	20.72	11.51
Quick Ratio	0.85	0.84

The quick ratio of Apple has been stable within these two years. There has not been any significant change. The figures show the company’s strong liquidity. At the same time, this might be a cause of concern for the company because it seems the company is not using its assets to the fullest.

Cash Ratio – Cash / Total Current Liabilities:

Year	2010	2009
Cash	18.60	10.16
Total Current Liabilities	20.72	11.51
Cash Ratio	0.90	0.88

Apple’s cash ratio for both the years is again somewhat similar. It can be seen that the company’s cash itself is almost equivalent to the current liabilities. There may be, however, sound reasons as to why the company is holding so much cash. One interpretation might be that the company is anticipating a difficult time ahead and wants to play safe. Looking at the world financial market, consumer spending is going down and debt funding is in short supply. In such circumstances, a company may need internal funding in order to survive.

Profitability Ratios for the last two years

Profit Margin – Net Income / Sales:

Year	2010	2009
Net Income	14.01	8.24
Sales	65.07	42.90
Profit Margin	0.21	0.19

Apple’s profit margin increased from 19% in 2009 to 21% in 2010. The figures are much better than the industry average. This proves that the company is operating more efficiently than its competitors. Apple was able to generate around $0.20 of net profit for each dollar of sales. It seems, therefore, that the company is performing well enough, not only to recover costs and taxes but also to increase the wealth of the company and its shareholders as well.

Return on Assets – Net Income / Total Assets:

Year	2010	2009
Net Income	14.01	8.24
Total Assets	41.68	31.56
Return on Assets	00.33	0.26

The ROA of Apple increased from 26% in 2009 to 33% in 2010. It means that the company is making good use of its assets in a profitable manner. But there is always a scope for improvement. The same theory applies to Apple as well.

Return on Equity – Net Income / Total Equity:

Year	2010	2009
Net Income	14.01	8.24
Total Equity	47.79	31.64
Return on Equity	0.29	0.26

Apple’s ROE in 2009 was 26% and it increased to 29% in 2010. It means that the company is profitable, from the shareholder’s point of view, and that the shareholders are earning good returns on their investment. In 2009, the return was $0.26 to each dollar, which increased to $0.29 to a dollar in 2010. This of course will help the company in developing confidence with the shareholders, which is a good sign for the company’s reputation and future progress.

Debt Equity Ratio (DER) – Long Term Liabilities / Shareholders’ Funds:

Year	2010	2009
Long Term Liabilities	1.23	4.36
Shareholders’ Funds	0.91	0.90
DER	1.35	4.84

Cash Flow and Fund Flow Analysis

When a person wants to invest his/her hard earned money in the stock market, he/she has to be very cautious. The first thing that he/she should go through is the company’s cash flow statement. It has been observed that normally people look for the earning per share (EPS) of the company. But EPS can be manipulated, whereas Cash Flow cannot be manipulated. Cash Flow gives us a true picture of the company. If a company is expanding and it is profitable, then the graph of EPS and Cash Flow both should move upwards. If the trend is downwards, it means danger. People should not invest in such companies. The following graph shows the corresponding graph of Apple, Inc.

This shows that Apple is a profitable company and investment in this company is safe.

The flow of funds from current assets to fixed assets is called Fund Flow. Following is a graph of comparison between the current assets and fixed assets of Apple.

It is evident from the chart that there is n upsurge in both kinds of assets. The company has been very particular on this front. It has used its assets in a very profitable manner. Especially in the last two years, the increase has been remarkable.

SWOT Analysis

SWOT means the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of a company. This is a very vast topic but here we shall discuss only with regard to the financial aspect.

Strengths: From the ratios that we have calculated earlier in this paper, it is clear that Apple’s performance in almost all of them has been remarkable. From the current ratio, we know that the company’s current liabilities are almost half of its current assets. It means that the company is capable of meeting its short-term obligations in a perfect manner. The quick ratio proves the company’s strong liquidity. From Apple’s cash ratio it is evident that the company has abundant cash, almost equivalent to its current liabilities. It doesn’t have to worry about the payment of the liabilities. Even the profit margin of Apple has increased through the years. This shows the company’s perfection in its operations.

Weaknesses: The current ratio shows that the company is holding a lot of cash. This cash should be invested in some profitable ventures so that the income graph will further go upwards. Although the quick ratio proves the company’s liquidity, it also shows that the company is not using its assets to the fullest. The cash ratio again proves the same thing.

Opportunities: Owing to modern technological developments, the world, today, is quite dependent on electronics. The future of the electronic market is very bright. With the continuous demand for newer technology, companies like Apple can always survive. Moreover, the present economic environment is quite suitable and encouraging for long-term growth. I am saying this because the technology industry is very susceptible to economic conditions. Most of Apple’s products are gadgets. If the financial position of people is good, only then they will think of buying such gadgets. Moreover, the upward graph of Apple at the stock market is a sign of growth, present and future.

Threats: The main threat to any company is from its competitors. For Apple, its main competitors are Dell and HP. Both these competitors are also doing well, which is a point of concern for Apple. In order to survive in the competitive market, Apple has to concentrate on its R&D department and come out with more innovative products with a price tag that is affordable. The present prices of Apple are on the higher side. But since they are good, people buy them but what if other companies launch similar products at lesser prices? Another negative feedback about Apple is that Apple products are not compatible with some of the software being used by various companies.